Teaching
147th Anniversary of the Sand Creek Massacre of Nov. 29th, 1864
Chief Black Kettle: I want you to give all these chiefs of the soldiers here to understand that we are for peace, and that we […]
Teaching
Lenni Lenape Culture
The very first treaty which the United States signed with an Indian nation was with the Lenni Lenape (also known as Delaware) in 1778. The […]
Ancient America: The Vikings
Shortly after the Norse colonization of Greenland under Erik the Red in 986, there were reports by the Viking sea kings of three new lands […]
Idaho’s Weiser Shoshone
In Idaho, an 1867 editorial in a Boise, Idaho newspaper stated: “This would be our plan of establishing friendship on an eternal basis with our […]
Reforming Indian Policy
Following the Civil War, American politicians and influential citizens were acutely aware that there were major problems with the administration of U.S. policies regarding Indians. […]
Wodziwob’s Ghost Dance
During the nineteenth century there were a number of religious movements that developed among diverse Indian tribes. One of these, called the Ghost Dance by […]
143rd Anniversary of the Washita Massacre of Nov. 27, 1868
The intent to commit genocide at Washita is hidden in plain view, unless key elements are brought together. These are: that the Cheyenne were placed […]
The Navajo, Sheep, and the Federal Government
During the 1930s, the conservation policies of the federal government collided with Navajo culture. What the Navajo perceived as the callous disregard of the government […]
Thanksgiving: National Day Of Mourning
I mourn the loss of my specific tribal heritage due to my biological family being assimilated into Christianity, the shame that religion put into them, […]
Origins Of The Native American Flute
The clear origins of the Native American Flute date back several thousand millennia to flutes made of bone, to petroglyphs, and oral history. Unclear “origins” […]