Indians 101 is a series exploring American Indian histories, cultures, and current concerns
At the 1851 Fort Laramie treaty council, United States officials failed to understand that there were two distinct Cheyenne tribes: the Northern Cheyenne whose territory […]
Following the American Civil War, the federal policy toward Indians was to confine them to reservations and to reduce the size of reservation to accommodate […]
Very soon after the Spanish began their invasion of this continent, both the European courts and clergy declared Indians to be “people” in a biological […]
Following the Civil War, the American government renewed its efforts to expand into the West, which required more dealings with Indian nations. Briefly described below […]
By 1666, it was evident to the Indian nations in the eastern portion of North America that European colonization (French and English) was not a […]
The designation “Sioux” is used to describe many different tribes who are divided into three linguistic divisions: Dakota, Nakota, and Lakota. While relative late-comers to […]
Idaho became a territory during the Civil War: in 1863 President Abraham Lincoln signed the legislation creating Idaho out of portions of Washington and Dakota […]
While Mormon settlement of Utah began in 1847, American Indians had inhabited the region for thousands of years. The Mormon settlements displaced and disrupted the […]
At the beginning of the Civil War in 1861, the United States withdrew its troops from Forts Cobb, Arbuckle, and Washita and, afraid that annuity […]
Long before the Europeans arrived on this continent there was born to the Huron people a man who had a vision of bringing peace to […]