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Mission Indian Baskets (Photo Diary)

Many museums, including the Portland Art Museum, have displays of Mission Baskets which generally refers to baskets made by Indian people on the southern coast of California: Chumash, Gabrieleno, Luiseno, Juaneno, and Digueno. The designation “Mission Baskets” was developed by anthropologist Alfred Kroeber in 1922. From the display on Mission Baskets at the Portland Art … Continued

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The 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix

In 1763, the Royal Proclamation by the English King drew a boundary line from Nova Scotia to Florida following the Appalachians which was intended to separate the Indians from the colonists. This action angered many English colonists and would later become one of the grievances which led to the War of Independence. Many colonists, feeling … Continued

Fort Stanwix

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Cahuilla Sovereignty

The Cahuilla homeland in California was bounded on the north by the San Bernardino Mountains; on the south by the northern Borrego Desert; on the east by the Colorado Desert; on the west by the present-day city of Riverside. The designation Cahuilla is said to mean “masters” or “powerful ones.” As a tribal designation, Cahuilla … Continued

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Columbus Was No “Strong Natural Genius” nor “Brave” To Commit Genocide (Update)

https://www.google.com/search?q=columbus&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiLy9236IfXAhWJhVQKHSHUB8UQ_AUIDCgD&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=M5jC2NgCT2dnJM: Apologists for Christopher Columbus say that Columbus coming here was inevitable, that if he hadn’t come to the New World, somebody else would have. On the other hand, some racists are overt in spreading extermination philosophies of Columbus. However, since the former is more subtle and spreads the Columbus Disease more – it is … Continued

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Changing Federal Policies Through the Indian Reorganization Act

Guided by the Constitution, the United States initially viewed Indian tribes as sovereign nations and thus negotiated treaties with them. By the 1880s, however, American greed and lust for land outweighed any concerns for the Constitution and law. American policy changed and sovereign Indian nations were viewed as impediments to the “civilization” of Indians and … Continued

Indian Reorganization Act

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Northern Plains Tipis (Photos)

The Northern Plains include what is now North and South Dakota, Eastern Montana, northeastern Wyoming, and the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. The tipi—a conical lodge—has become the stereotype for all Indian housing. On the Northern Plains, Indian people found the tipi to be a comfortable home, one which was easily moved, and one … Continued

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Oregon Coast Beadwork and Other Artifacts (Photo Diary)

The North Lincoln County Historical Museum in Lincoln City, Oregon has two floors of displays relating to local history. The region was originally the homeland for the Siletz Indians and the museum has a small display of American Indian beadwork and other artifacts. The Confederated Tribes of Siletz was formed by the tribes which had … Continued

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The 1855 Treaty of Hell Gate

When the United States divided Oregon Territory into Washington Territory and Oregon Territory in 1853, western Montana was included in Washington Territory. President Millard Fillmore appointed Isaac I. Stevens as the territorial governor of Washington. Stevens immediately began an aggressive plan to deprive the Indian nations within the territory of title to their lands. Western … Continued

The 1855 Treaty of Hell Gate

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Museums 101: Trappers and Traders in the High Desert (Photo Diary)

The High Desert Museum in Bend, Oregon, has a gallery which takes visitors on a journey through some of the most dramatic periods in the High Desert. According to the Museum display: “Thousands of years ago, more than one hundred Native American tribes inhabited the High Desert. During the early 1800s, newcomers began arriving—starting with … Continued