January 2017

During the nineteenth century, the United States had attempted to settle all Indians on well-defined reservations on lands deemed unsuitable for non-Indian development. Here Indians … Continued

The fur trade was an important part of the economic history of North America and incorporated American Indian economies into a larger world economy. Furs … Continued

Bands or tribes known collectively as the Apache ranged widely throughout the American Southwest at the time of the first Spanish exploration and invasion. The … Continued

By 1617, four European nations—Spain, France, England, and the Netherlands—were staking their claims in North America through exploration and colonization. Archaeologist Jerald Milanich, in his … Continued

The early nineteenth century was a period in which American Indians came into contact with non-Indian explorers and missionaries. Unlike the early explorers who simply … Continued

In 1817, James Monroe became the new President of the United States. In his book The Removal of the Choctaw Indians, Arthur DeRosier writes: “America … Continued