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American Indians and the Civil War

One of the major American events during the nineteenth century was the Civil War. This war, which lasted from 1861 to 1865 and caused 620,000 soldier deaths, divided the United States into two warring factions: the Union and the Confederacy. The Civil War not only divided the Americans, but also the Indians, particularly those living … Continued

The Civil War and Indians in Arizona

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The Removal of the Chickasaw Indians

President Andrew Jackson informed a delegation of Chickasaw in 1830 that they had only two choices: either move west or submit to the laws of the state of Mississippi. The Chickasaw felt that the Great Spirit had given them their land and that it was the land where the bones of their ancestors lay. They … Continued

The Removal of the Chickasaw Indians

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Genocide in Northern California

During the last part of the nineteenth century some of the American settlers in the west, and particularly in California, began hunting and killing Indians for sport. Between 1847 and 1865 American hunters killed 4,267 Indians in California. In contrast, the Indians killed fewer than 300 Americans. By 1890, California’s Indian population was estimated at … Continued

Genocide in Northern California

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The Navajo Long Walk

At the time of creation the Diné (often called Navajo) were instructed by the Creator that they must live within the boundaries of four sacred mountains (San Francisco Peaks, Mount Taylor, Blanca Peak, and Mount Hesperus) and two sacred rivers (San Juan and Little Colorado). Dinétah, the Navajo sacred homeland, spreads across the Four Corners … Continued

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“..blood of Mexicans is primarily American Indian.”

As a previous editor of the Classic Progressive Historians, I was trying to get a historian I had met on line to post there. He was in Mexico and as we corresponded, he told me that at least 80% of “Mexicans” are Lipan Apache. Who is Arizona wanting to “send back to where they came … Continued

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Indians as People Under American Law

Very soon after the Spanish began their invasion of this continent, both the European courts and clergy declared Indians to be “people” in a biological and spiritual sense. However, the concept of Indians as “people” in a legal sense was tested in the United States in 1879.   In 1879, Standing Bear and about 30 … Continued

American law

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Arizona Boycott Hysteria

The state of Arizona has a leadership problem, but that doesn’t mean that all of the residents share their view, or want to be hurt by their actions.   How many Native Americans and businesses will be hurt by the proposed boycott of Arizona? I haven’t been to Supai, but tourists come from all over … Continued

Arizona Boycott Hysteria

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American Indian Women: Sarah Ainse

( – promoted by navajo) Sarah Ainse (who often called herself Sally and sporadically used the last names of her husbands: Montour, Maxwell, and Willson) was a powerful Oneida trader in the Great Lakes area during the eighteenth century. Like many other Indians of this time period, she spoke several languages fluently (including English, Ojibwa, … Continued

Andrew Montour

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News from Native American Netroots

Cross Posted at Native American Netroots Welcome to News from Native American Netroots, a Sunday evening series focused on indigenous tribes primarily in the United States and Canada but inclusive of international peoples also. A special thanks to our team for contributing the links that have been compiled here. Please provide your news links in … Continued