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Heathens on the Nez Perce Reservation

When Ulysses S. Grant assumed the Presidency, he inherited a major problem with regard to the administration of the Indian reservations. The Indian Service was notoriously corrupt and his solution was to create faith-based reservations: that is, to turn the administration of the nation’s Indian reservations over to Christian, primarily Protestant, missionary groups. The missionaries, … Continued

Ulysses S. Grant

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The Green Corn Ceremony

For the Indian nations of the Southeastern United States-Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole, Timucua, and others-corn (maize) was their single most important food. Therefore, corn also played an important part in their religious and ceremonial life. One of the important ceremonies among the people of the Southeastern Woodlands was the Green Corn Ceremony or puskita … Continued

The Green Corn Ceremony

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Cheyenne Medicine Bundles

( – promoted by navajo) Among the Cheyenne there are two sacred medicine bundles: The Sacred Arrows (Maahotse) and the Sacred Buffalo Hat (Esevone). The spiritual power of these bundles could be tapped ceremonially to help the tribe prosper. As long as the ceremonies were performed as taught by the culture heroes, the tribe would … Continued

Cheyenne Medicine Bundles

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Albert Fall & the Suppression of Indian Religions

( – promoted by navajo) In 1921, Albert Fall, the former Senator from New Mexico, was appointed Secretary of the Interior by President Warren Harding. Since the Indian Office (now called the Bureau of Indian Affairs) is a part of the Department of Interior, this meant that Fall was now in charge of Indian affairs. … Continued

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Franciscans in the American Southwest

( – promoted by navajo) During the early sixteenth century there were many fantastic stories circulating among the Spanish which told of fabulously wealthy cities north of Mexico. These cities, according to the stories, had more gold than the Aztecs or the Inkas, and they were ripe for conquest by the superior Spanish warriors. In … Continued

Franciscans in the American Southwest

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Frank White: Pawnee Prophet

( – promoted by navajo) One of the visitors at an 1891 Comanche Ghost Dance in Oklahoma was Frank White. He sat on the north side of the dance area and ate a lot of peyote. When the Comanche asked him who he was, he said that he was Pawnee. Following the Comanche Ghost Dance, … Continued

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Native American Religions: Balance and Harmony

( – promoted by navajo) An important part of daily life among many traditional American Indian people was-and for many still is-the maintenance of harmony and balance. Living a good life, one free from sickness and conflict, requires that one strive to maintain social and spiritual harmony and balance. In traditional Native American cultures, harmony … Continued

Outlawing American Indian Religions

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Anishinabe Dreams

( – promoted by navajo) Dreams and visions are an important part of Native American spiritual life. Traditionally dreams were an essential conduit for communication with the supernatural world. Dreams served as a validation of one’s spiritual condition. Therefore, from an early age, American Indian children learned to remember their dreams. These dreams could then … Continued

Dreams and visions

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Handsome Lake, Founder of the Longhouse Religion

( – promoted by navajo) In 1799, a new religious movement was born among the Seneca Nation of the Iroquois Confederacy. The new religious movement, considered to be a traditional Iroquois religion today, began with a series of visions received by Handsome Lake. Among this vision was the prophecy that the world would end in … Continued

Handsome Lake, Founder of the Longhouse Religion

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Vision Quest Among the Southern Plains Tribes

( – promoted by oke) The Southern Plains American Indian Culture Area lies south of the Arkansas River valley. It includes Oklahoma, Arkansas, portions of Texas, the eastern foothills of New Mexico, and portions of Louisiana. This is the area which was the homeland for Indian nations such as the Comanche, the Kiowa, and the … Continued

Vision Quest Among the Southern Plains Tribes